OpenTelemetry 완벽 가이드

# 필요한 패키지 설치
pip install opentelemetry-api
pip install opentelemetry-sdk
pip install opentelemetry-instrumentation
pip install opentelemetry-exporter-jaeger

# tracing.py - OpenTelemetry 초기화
from opentelemetry import trace
from opentelemetry.exporter.jaeger.thrift import JaegerExporter
from opentelemetry.sdk.resources import SERVICE_NAME, Resource
from opentelemetry.sdk.trace import TracerProvider
from opentelemetry.sdk.trace.export import BatchSpanProcessor

# 리소스 설정
resource = Resource(attributes={
    SERVICE_NAME: "my-python-service"
})

# TracerProvider 설정
provider = TracerProvider(resource=resource)
processor = BatchSpanProcessor(
    JaegerExporter(
        agent_host_name="localhost",
        agent_port=6831,
    )
)
provider.add_span_processor(processor)

# 전역 TracerProvider 설정
trace.set_tracer_provider(provider)

# Tracer 가져오기
tracer = trace.get_tracer(__name__)

# app.py - Flask 애플리케이션 예제
from flask import Flask, jsonify
from opentelemetry.instrumentation.flask import FlaskInstrumentor
from tracing import tracer

app = Flask(__name__)

# Flask 자동 계측
FlaskInstrumentor().instrument_app(app)

@app.route('/api/users')
def get_users():
    with tracer.start_as_current_span("get-users") as span:
        # 속성 추가
        span.set_attribute("user.count", 100)
        
        try:
            # 데이터베이스 작업 시뮬레이션
            with tracer.start_as_current_span("database-query"):
                users = fetch_users_from_db()
            
            return jsonify(users)
        except Exception as e:
            span.record_exception(e)
            return jsonify({"error": str(e)}), 500

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(debug=True)

// build.gradle 의존성 추가
dependencies {
    implementation 'io.opentelemetry:opentelemetry-api:1.32.0'
    implementation 'io.opentelemetry:opentelemetry-sdk:1.32.0'
    implementation 'io.opentelemetry:opentelemetry-exporter-jaeger:1.32.0'
    implementation 'io.opentelemetry.instrumentation:opentelemetry-spring-boot-starter:1.32.0-alpha'
}

// OpenTelemetryConfig.java
import io.opentelemetry.api.OpenTelemetry;
import io.opentelemetry.api.trace.Tracer;
import io.opentelemetry.exporter.jaeger.JaegerGrpcSpanExporter;
import io.opentelemetry.sdk.OpenTelemetrySdk;
import io.opentelemetry.sdk.resources.Resource;
import io.opentelemetry.sdk.trace.SdkTracerProvider;
import io.opentelemetry.sdk.trace.export.BatchSpanProcessor;
import io.opentelemetry.semconv.resource.attributes.ResourceAttributes;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class OpenTelemetryConfig {
    
    @Bean
    public OpenTelemetry openTelemetry() {
        Resource resource = Resource.getDefault()
            .merge(Resource.create(Attributes.of(
                ResourceAttributes.SERVICE_NAME, "my-java-service",
                ResourceAttributes.SERVICE_VERSION, "1.0.0"
            )));
        
        JaegerGrpcSpanExporter jaegerExporter = JaegerGrpcSpanExporter.builder()
            .setEndpoint("http://localhost:14250")
            .build();
        
        SdkTracerProvider sdkTracerProvider = SdkTracerProvider.builder()
            .addSpanProcessor(BatchSpanProcessor.builder(jaegerExporter).build())
            .setResource(resource)
            .build();
        
        return OpenTelemetrySdk.builder()
            .setTracerProvider(sdkTracerProvider)
            .buildAndRegisterGlobal();
    }
    
    @Bean
    public Tracer tracer(OpenTelemetry openTelemetry) {
        return openTelemetry.getTracer("my-service-tracer");
    }
}

// go.mod 의존성
require (
    go.opentelemetry.io/otel v1.19.0
    go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/jaeger v1.19.0
    go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk v1.19.0
    go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace v1.19.0
)

// tracer.go - OpenTelemetry 초기화
package main

import (
    "context"
    "log"
    
    "go.opentelemetry.io/otel"
    "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/attribute"
    "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/jaeger"
    "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/resource"
    sdktrace "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk/trace"
    semconv "go.opentelemetry.io/otel/semconv/v1.17.0"
)

func initTracer() (func(context.Context) error, error) {
    // Jaeger exporter 생성
    exp, err := jaeger.New(jaeger.WithCollectorEndpoint(
        jaeger.WithEndpoint("http://localhost:14268/api/traces"),
    ))
    if err != nil {
        return nil, err
    }
    
    // TracerProvider 생성
    tp := sdktrace.NewTracerProvider(
        sdktrace.WithBatcher(exp),
        sdktrace.WithResource(resource.NewWithAttributes(
            semconv.SchemaURL,
            semconv.ServiceName("my-go-service"),
            semconv.ServiceVersion("1.0.0"),
            attribute.String("environment", "production"),
        )),
    )
    
    // 전역 TracerProvider 설정
    otel.SetTracerProvider(tp)
    
    return tp.Shutdown, nil
}